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Experimental Fluid Mechanics 2022

Conference Town

Dvůr Králové nad Labem

Dvůr Králové nad Labem

An ancient dowry town of Bohemian queens, Dvůr Králové nad Labem spreads across a picturesque valley at the upper flow of the river Elbe. The town invites you to spend an active relaxation holiday. You can discover beautiful countryside, many artistic monuments, and enjoy sporting and cultural activities, at any time of the year.

There are several accommodation options in the town, most within walking distance of practically anywhere. This ensures easy access to historical, cultural and sporting attractions in the town centre, as well as the option of visiting local restaurants, cafés and sweet shops.

T. G. Masaryk Square

T. G. Masaryk Square was originally name Záboj Square, and later Gottwald Square. Linear streets led to the town fortification gates from the generously-conceived area.

The Renaissance Old Town Hall building

It was built in the square in the year 1572 after the burgher house which used to stand in its place burned down. The original gable used to face Kostelní (now Palackého) Street and, on the side facing the square, the town hall had a tower supported on the ground floor by two pillars. In the year 1790 it burned down, and in the year 1833 it was renovated with a new gable facing the square. That’s how it still stands there today, although the house’s façade underwent certain changes. On the town hall’s façade there’s a clock and a Latin inscription. The clock used to have three hands: an hour hand, a minute hand and a third hand which showed the time of one day divided into twenty four parts. The green dial with the numbers 1 to 24 still remains on the building today. The Latin inscription on the façade proclaims: “This house hates wickedness, loves peace, punishes crimes, preserves rights and honours the noble.”. The first floor of the building contains the Town Councillor’s halls, which is used for the town’s ceremonial occasions, and an exhibition hall.

Marian sculpture

In the middle of the square stands the Marian sculpture, which has the form of a richly decorated Rococo pyramid. At the top of the pyramid is a statue of the Virgin Mary standing on a sphere, which represents the globe. A snake with an apple in its mouth winds itself around this globe. The Virgin Mary’s head is decorated with a ring of twelve stars. Above the moulding, in the central part of the sculpture, are the statues of St. Cosmas and St. Damian, St. Lawrence and St. Florian. Around the pyramid, six statues stand on pedestals, being St. Jacob, St. John the Baptist, St. Francis Xavier, St. Norbert, St. Ignatius and St. John of Nepomuk. The sculpture was made by Josef Procházka of Chrudim, and it was built on the square in the year 1754.

Fountain with statue of Záboj

The fountain with statue of Záboj is a sculptural monument from the year 1857. It was created by local sculptors František and Antonín Wagner. The fountain with statue of Záboj was unveiled in the square on the 29th of September 1857, at the 40th anniversary celebrations of the discovery of the Manuscript of Dvůr Králové. In the year 1950 it was relocated to the outskirts of the town, and in the year 2005 it was returned to the square, to the exact place where it had previously stood.

Záboj, a character from the Manuscript of Dvůr Králové, is wearing an old Slavic folk costume and is girded with a sword; his right hand rests on a shield and his left hand presses a varyto [a musical instrument similar to a small harp] against his heart. He stands on a rock from which three springs of water gush, symbolizing purity, health and stability. Under the statue, the name Záboj is carved into the rock, and slightly below it are the words: “You speak to them with fatherly words,” which indicates that we should appreciate and cultivate the Czech language.

The Star of David monument

The first Jewish families came to Dvůr Králové nad Labem around the year 1850, and built one of the first textile factories here. In the year 1890 the local Jews built a synagogue, which was consecrated a year later. The synagogue survived both world wars, but the construction of a road in the 1960s was its fateful event; despite many citizens’ protests, it had to be demolished.

Today, on the site of the former synagogue, there is a monument in the shape of the Star of David, which was created thanks to Mr. Rabbi Norman Patz, as the initiator, and academic sculptor Jaroslav Černý who proposed the monument. However, he did not have time to realize his design, as he died prematurely, so the process was taken up by his son Ota Černý. The monument was ceremonially consecrated on 16/2/2008.

From the monument, continue down Roosevelt Street, on the right hand side, in the direction of Resistance Square and Václav Hanka Square. Along the way, on the right hand side, you will pass a timber cottage which is probably the oldest wooden building in the town. At one stage it was the turner Šmíd’s house; later it housed a barracks headquarters, police station, dyeing works and most recently a wood turnery.

Šindelářská Věž [Shingle-maker’s Tower]

The Shingle-maker's Tower is the only surviving rampart tower of the original 4 which guarded the entrance to the town. It’s 20 metres high and 7 metres in diameter. Its foundations are set approximately one meter deep in hard clay. It got its name from a street on which shingle-makers had their workshops. Until the year 1791, the tower was also decorated with a small astronomical clock. Although its fame cannot equal that of her relative in Pisa, the two towers have one interesting thing in common. When viewed from Věžní Street, you can see that our tower is also slightly tilted and leans on an adjacent house. Near the tower, you can also see the remains of the rampart wall. Unfortunately, the tower’s interior is not accessible to the public.

Town Walls

The town was fortified as early as the end of the 13th century, and the ramparts encircled it in a large oval. Access to the town was provided by four gates: Upper, Lower, Shingle-maker’s and Hillfort. The gates were protected by cylindrical towers; only the tower at the Upper Gate was prismatic. The fortified character of the town was reinforced in the south and west by the river Elbe; there were water moats here with drawbridges. The Dvůr fortifications are exceptional in the region - the rampart wall did not have a gallery with battlements, but an inwardly-sloping panel roof.

From the year 1785 the ramparts stopped serving their purpose, but in the year 1841 they still existed around almost the entire town. Even today, the trace of the former ramparts is evident. In several places we can see more complete fragments, which allow us to touch the town’s history - e.g. the section in Valová Street, on the western side of Church of St. John the Baptist, and at the Shingle-maker’s Tower. Of the gates, part of the Upper Gate is preserved (you can see its fragments at the end of Valová Street – people still call it “At the Gate” today), as well as part of the Shingle-maker’s. Of the towers, only the Shingle-maker’s Tower is preserved.

Church of St. John the Baptist

This Gothic church was built on the site of the original small Romanesque church. The Romanesque church was renovated and expanded on two occasions. The church only acquired its present form in the 1890s. The church tower was added after the cornice in the year 1644, and in 1894 it was raised to its current 64 metres.

Manuscript dungeon - the discovery of the Manuscript of Dvůr Králové

An interesting chapter in the history of the church was the discovery of a manuscript in the vaulted church tower dungeon. On the 16th of September 1817, Czech writer, poet, linguist, literary historian, librarian and university professor Václav Hanka “discovered” the so-called Manuscript of Dvůr Králové in the vaulted church tower dungeon - the oldest written Czech text with 14 songs from the 13th century Although it transpired that it is most likely a fake created by Václav Hanka together with friend and poet Josef Linda, and apparently also with other people, the document significantly influenced the atmosphere of national revival and wrote the town into Czech history in a significant way. At present, the Manuscript of Dvůr Králové is stored in the library of the National Museum in Prague.

Town Museum

The Town Museum is located in the vicinity of T. G Masaryk Square and the Shingle-maker’s Tower. Its pleasant premises offer visitors the unique experience of viewing two permanent exhibitions: The Tradition of Christmas Decoration Production, and the History of the Town of Dvůr Králové nad Labem and the Textile Industry in the Dvůr Králové region. In addition this, the museum organizes many other exhibitions, whose overview you will find in our event calendar. The museum Granary contains a lecture and concert hall with variable seating options, which holds lectures, concerts, training and presentations.

The Tradition of Christmas Decoration Production exhibition

Do you want to experience Christmas year-round? Then you should not miss a visit to the Town Museum, with its permanent Christmas decoration production exhibition.

After all, the production of blown glass Christmas decorations has a long tradition in the Dvůr Králové region; it began in the year 1931 and still continues. During this time, thousand of decorations of various shapes, sizes and designs were created, and they decorate Christmas trees around the world. In the first part of the exhibition, which is devoted to pearl-making and the decoration production itself, you will discover how production in the region developed from the year 1931, and you will look through the entire cycle, from suggestion of patterns and colours for individual collections and the blowing and wetting of decorations, through their embellishment and clasping, to packing them in boxes. You will experience it all in a playful form; the interactive exhibition will entertain both adults and children. The second part of the exhibition represents a “sample room” of products from the 1930s to the present day.

Exhibition of the History of the Town of Dvůr Králové nad Labem and the Textile Industry in the Dvůr Králové region

Set off on the trail of the history of Dvůr Králové nad Labem, and familiarize yourself not only with the most significant events of times long forgotten, but also with the history of the textile industry tradition in the Dvůr Králové region. You will see an engraving workshop, get to know the technological procedures of textile printing, and find out about the history of textile factories. The last room of the new exhibition bears the title “As Time Goes By” and is devoted to the town’s history in the 20th century. Newspaper articles and films will guide you through ground-breaking events in the history of Dvůr Králové.

Royal Forest Dam

A few kilometres from Dvůr Králové nad Labem, against the flow of the river Elbe, you can find the Royal Forest Dam, one of the most beautiful dams in the Czech Republic. The dam embankment, towers, dam keeper’s house, water surface and surrounding vast forests feel like a fairytale.

The reason for the construction of this dam was the flash flood in July 1897, which at the time was regarded as a 100-year flood. The dam began to be built in the year 1910, at the same time as the dam on the upper flow of the Elbe near Špindlerův Mlýn. These two dams were to prevent the kind of damage which the flash flood of 1897 caused in the Dvůr Králové and Jaroměřsko regions. However, by the start of the war in the year 1914, the dam at Dvůr Králové nad Labem was not completed; it was only finished in the year 1919, and two years later a power plant was built there.

The dam’s main purpose is to protective; i.e. catching flash floods. A further role is the production of electricity and, thirdly, improving flow when the water level is low. Since the year 1964 the dam has been protected as a technical monument; in the year 2010 it was declared a National Heritage Monument.

Kuks Baroque Hospital

The largest Baroque complex in the Czech Republic was built by Court František Antonín Špork (1662–1738) as a baths beside mineral springs. The start of the construction activity is dated to the year 1695. The church, monastery and sculptural decoration on the right bank of the Elbe has remained preserved until today. The baths building on the left bank disappeared one hundred years ago. The baths’ glory began fell into decline after F.A Špork’s death, and after the flash flood which damaged a significant part of the baths in the year 1740. The building of the original inn, U Zlatého Slunce [Golden Sun] from the year 1699, is still preserved today. During the years 1874-1996 the building was used as a school. The inn began operate again in July 2003. Statues of David and Goliath by Matyáš Bernard Braun are located in front of the building. In the year 1995, Kuks Hospital was declared a National Heritage Monument

Several artists took part in the creation of the superb carvings mounted on the Hospital’s north façade and its terrace, as well as other decorations in the Kuks Hospital. First and foremost, however, it was Matyáš Bernard Braun, who took charge of the sculptural decoration in the year 1712. The best known are two rows of statues - always 12 figures - representing virtue and vice. Another architectural monument is a church with a ground plan in the shape of an unequal octagon, which belongs among the outstanding buildings of its time.

The Kuks-Betlém [Bethlehem] educational trail was opened in summer 2002. The starting points are the car parks in Kuks and near Betlém [Bethlehem]. Informational panels, which will familiarize you with the history of the individual monuments, are located along the educational trail.

Source: https://www.dvurkralove.cz/en/

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